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Author: Romo Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno OP

The Beatitudes: True Happiness and Where to Find It

The Beatitudes: True Happiness and Where to Find It

4th Sunday in Ordinary Time [C]
January 29, 2023
Matthew 5:1-12

Jesus began His teaching ministry with the Beatitudes. The Church has recognized that the Beatitudes are not just any teaching of Jesus, but ‘at the heart of Jesus’ preaching’ (see CCC 1716). The Beatitudes are foundational because they answer the most basic longing of any man and woman: desire for happiness. If we want to be genuinely happy, then we need to live the beatitudes.

However, if we read it carefully, we may realize that the instructions in the Beatitudes are counter-intuitive with our desires for happiness. We believe that having more possessions makes happy, but Jesus says that happiness is for the poor in spirit. We want to laugh and feel ‘happy’ but then, Jesus says happiness is for those who mourn. We know that being powerful and having the ability to control others make us feel fulfilled and ‘happy’, but Jesus says happiness is for those are meek, merciful as well as the peacemakers. We desire to be freed from all difficulties in our lives, but Jesus says that happiness is for those are persecuted for the sake of righteousness. Beatitudes does not make any sense.

Again, if we go back to the Old Testament, we discover that if the Israelites are faithful to observe the Law, they will be blessed with land, prosperous harvest and cattle, many children, and protection from the enemies. In fact, if the Israelites are breaking the laws, they will be cursed and thus, losing all these blessings (see Deu 28). Jesus’ Beatitudes is not even in line with these Old Testament’s blessings, but Jesus reverses the order!

What really happen? Is Jesus out of His mind? Fortunately, the Church provides us the answer, “[Beatitudes] take up the promises made to the chosen people since Abraham. The Beatitudes fulfill the promises by ordering them no longer merely to the possession of a territory, but to the Kingdom of heaven… They express the vocation of the faithful associated with the glory of his Passion and Resurrection (CCC 1716-7).”

Through Beatitudes, Jesus teaches us that the true happiness does not stop here on earth but must reach its destination in God alone. As followers of Christ, sometimes we receive an earthly blessing, but sometimes, we experience earthly ‘curses.’ Yet, these are temporal, and not the most important. In fact, material blessings may become a curse if we become addicted to it and do many evil things to acquire them. And our misfortunes and sufferings here on earth may turn to be a spiritual blessing, if we endure patiently and unite them to the Passion of Christ in our prayers.

Does it mean we cannot work to become rich and successful? Surely, we must work and be successful in life, but in the ways that are pleasing to the Lord. If we neither steal, nor cheat, then our works and material possessions are true blessings.

Does it mean we must passively receive our sufferings and injustice? Not at all! We have to do our best also to fight injustice among us and alleviate sufferings. In fact, just be silent in the face of evil is not only stupid, but also makes us a participant in that evil. Yet, we know also that sometimes, there are certain hardships that no matter we do, they remain. These are our crosses, and we shall bring them to Jesus.

Through Beatitudes, Jesus reminds us that our desire for happiness is coming from God, and thus, only God alone can fulfill it.

Rome
Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

Yohanes dan Yesus

Yohanes dan Yesus

Minggu ke-3 dalam Masa Biasa (A)
22 Januari 2023
Matius 4:12-23

Matius, sang Penginjil, menunjukkan bahwa Yesus memulai pewartaan publik-Nya setelah Yohanes Pembaptis ditangkap. Mengapa Yesus mengambil keputusan ini? Ada beberapa alasan. Yang pertama adalah Yesus menggenapi apa yang dinubuatkan oleh Yohanes sendiri, ” Ia harus makin besar, tetapi aku harus makin kecil (Yoh 3:30).” Yohanes sangat populer, dan banyak orang mengikutinya dan menganggapnya sebagai nabi Allah, tetapi pelayanannya terhenti setelah dia dipenjara karena dia menegur Herodes yang menikahi istri saudaranya sendiri (Mat. 14:1-12). Ketika Yohanes tidak lagi dapat berkhotbah, dan meredup, Yesus datang, membawa Kabar Baik dan mulai bersinar.

Alasan lain yang menarik adalah bahwa Yohanes berfungsi sebagai cermin kehidupan dan pelayanan Yesus. Apa yang Yohanes lakukan dan alami, akan dilakukan dan dialami oleh Yesus, tetapi dengan skala yang jauh lebih besar. Pembuahan Yohanes merupakan sebuah mukjizat, karena Zakharia dan Elisabet dianggap sudah terlalu tua untuk memiliki seorang anak. Kehadiran Yesus dalam rahim bahkan tidak ada bandingannya karena Dia dikandung oleh kuasa Roh Kudus dan dilahirkan oleh perawan Maria. Yohanes memiliki banyak pengikut dan murid, dan banyak orang juga yang mengikut Yesus, dan beberapa di antaranya menjadi murid-murid dekat-Nya. Baik Yohanes maupun Yesus sama-sama memberitakan pertobatan, tetapi perbedaannya juga jelas. Yohanes berkhotbah untuk mempersiapkan jalan bagi Tuhan, sementara Yesus berkhotbah untuk membangun Kerajaan Allah dan keselamatan.

Yohanes membaptis sebagai tanda lahiriah dari pertobatan batin, sedangkan Yesus memberikan pengampunan dosa yang sejati. Yohanes membuktikan pewartaannya melalui gaya hidupnya, Yesus membuktikan Injil-Nya melalui mukjizat yang belum pernah terjadi sebelumnya. Baik Yohanes maupun Yesus dianiaya dan dieksekusi karena mereka memberitakan pertobatan dan kebenaran, dan dengan demikian, bertentangan dengan otoritas. Namun, Yesus bangkit dan naik ke surga, sementara Yohanes, yang walaupun sudah berada di surga, masih menunggu kebangkitan badannya.

Ketika saya bertemu dengan Romo Gerard Timoner, Pemimpin tertinggi Ordo Dominikan, di Roma, ia menguraikan sebuah fakta menarik tentang Yohanes dan Yesus. Ulang tahun Yohanes adalah 24 Juni, sedangkan Yesus 25 Desember. Yang menarik bukan hanya karena tanggalnya yang berbeda enam bulan, tetapi juga karena fenomena alam yang terjadi di sekitar tanggal-tanggal tersebut. Ulang tahun Yohanes dekat dengan titik balik matahari musim panas (summer solstice). Hal ini terjadi ketika kemiringan sumbu bumi paling condong ke arah matahari, sehingga menghasilkan periode siang hari terpanjang sepanjang tahun (bagi kita yang hidup di negara tropis seperti Indonesia, hampir tidak terasa perbedaannya). Namun, setelah titik balik matahari ini, hari-hari akan semakin pendek (sinar matahari akan berkurang). Sementara itu, hari kelahiran Kristus berada di dekat titik balik matahari musim dingin (winter solstice), hari terpendek dalam setahun. Namun, setelah titik balik matahari ini, hari-hari semakin panjang. Fenomena ini juga menggenapi apa yang Yohanes katakan, “Dia harus bertambah, tetapi aku harus berkurang”

Apa artinya bagi kita? Ketika kita memulai perjalanan kita melalui Masa Biasa, kita dipanggil untuk menjadi seperti Yohanes Pembaptis. Kita harus menjadi cerminan Kristus dalam hidup kita. Kita mungkin memiliki panggilan yang berbeda di dunia ini, seperti kaum awam, suami-istri, orang tua, imam, atau biarawan/biarawati, tetapi dalam cara hidup kita, kita harus mencerminkan Kristus. Apakah orang lain melihat Yesus ketika mereka melihat kita? Apakah kita membawa kedamaian, pertobatan, dan kebenaran kepada orang lain seperti yang Yesus lakukan? Apakah kita membawa orang lain kepada Yesus dan tidak tergoda untuk menarik orang lain kepada diri kita sendiri?

Roma
Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

John and Jesus

John and Jesus

3rd Sunday in Ordinary Time (A)
January 22, 2023
Matthew 4:12-23

Matthew, our Evangelist, indicated that Jesus began His public ministry after John the Baptist was arrested. Why did Jesus take this decision? There are several reasons. The first one is that Jesus fulfilled what John himself has prophesied, “He must increase, but I must decrease (John 3:30).” John was highly popular, and many people followed him and considered him as a prophet of God, but his ministry came to a halt after he was imprisoned because he reprimanded Herod who married his brother’s wife (Mat 14:1-12). As John was no longer able to preach, Jesus came and bring the Good News.

Another interesting reason is that John serves as a mirror to the life and ministry of Jesus. What John did and experienced, would be done and experienced by Jesus, but with much greater scale. John’s conception was miraculous, because Zacharias and Elizabeth were deemed to be too old to have a child. Jesus’ conception was even unparallel because He was conceived by the power of the Holy Spirit and born of the virgin Mary. John had great followers and disciples, and also many people followed Jesus, and some became His close disciples. Both John and Jesus preached repentance, but the distinction is also clear. John preached to prepare the way of the Lord, while Jesus preached to build His Kingdom of God.

John baptized as an outward sign of inner repentance, while Jesus granted true forgiveness of sins. John authenticated his messages through his lifestyle, Jesus proved His Gospel through unprecedented miracles and mastery of the nature force. Both John and Jesus were persecuted and executed because they preached the repentance and truth, and thus, offended the authority. However, Jesus resurrected and ascended into heaven, while John, who is already in heaven, is still waiting for his resurrection of the body.

When I met Fr. Gerard Timoner, our Master of the Order, in Rome, he told me this interesting fact about John and Jesus. John’s birthday is June 24 while Jesus is December 25. What is fascinating is not only the date is six months apart, but also the natural phenomena happening around those dates. John’s birthday is near to summer solstice. It occurs when the tilt of the Earth’s axis is most inclined towards the sun, resulting in the longest period of daylight for the year. Yet, after this solstice, the days are growing shorter and shorter. Meanwhile Christ’s birthday is near winter solstice, the shortest day of the year. Yet, after this solstice, the days are growing longer and longer. These phenomena also fulfil what John said, “He must increase, but I must decrease”

What is for us? As we begin our journey through the Ordinary Season, we are called to be like St. John the Baptist. We are to mirror Christ in our lives. We may have different vocations in this world, like laity, married persons, priests, or religious women, but in our way of life, we are to reflect Christ. Do other people see Jesus when they see us? Do we bring peace, repentance, and truth to others like Jesus does? Are we leading others to Jesus and not be tempted to draw people to ourselves?

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

Mengapa Yohanes tidak mengenal Yesus

Mengapa Yohanes tidak mengenal Yesus

Minggu ke-2 dalam Masa Biasa [A]

15 Januari 2023

Yohanes 1:29-35

Membaca Injil hari ini, mungkin ada beberapa pertanyaan dalam benak kita, “Mengapa Yohanes Pembaptis menyebut Yesus sebagai Anak Domba Allah yang menghapus dosa dunia?” dan “Mengapa Yohanes mengatakan bahwa dia tidak mengenal Yesus dan Yesus telah ada sebelum Yohanes?” Kita tahu pasti bahwa Yohanes adalah kerabat Yesus dan, pada kenyataannya, dia lahir enam bulan lebih dulu dari Yesus. Dalam refleksi kali ini, saya tidak akan lagi menulis tentang identitas Yesus sebagai ‘Anak Domba Allah’ karena saya sudah pernah membahasnya dua tahun yang lalu [silakan cek refleksi saya tertanggal 17 Januari 2021]. Dengan demikian, kita mencoba menjawab pertanyaan kedua. “Mengapa Yohanes tidak mengenal Yesus?”

Kita tahu dari Injil Lukas bahwa Maria dan Elisabet, ibu Yohanes, adalah kerabat dekat, dan Maria bahkan hidup sekitar tiga bulan di tempat Elisabet dan Zakaria, suaminya [Luk 1:39-56]. Kelahiran Yohanes dan Yesus bahkan terkait erat. Kadang-kadang, saya menemukan benda seni rohani yang menggambarkan Yohanes dan Yesus sedang bermain bersama sebagai anak-anak kecil. Tentunya, ini berasal dari imajinasi dan kreativitas para seniman Kristiani. Lalu, mengapa tiba-tiba Yohanes mengatakan ‘dia tidak mengenal Yesus’?

Jawabannya mungkin ditemukan dalam kehidupan awal Yohanes yang dicatat dalam Injil Lukas. Lukas menulis bahwa Yohanes bertumbuh di dalam Roh, dan ia berada di padang gurun sampai hari Yohanes menampakkan diri di depan umum kepada Israel (lihat Luk 1:80). Jadi, Yohanes mungkin mendengar tentang Yesus dari orang tuanya waktu kecil, tetapi kemungkinan besar mereka tidak pernah bertemu secara pribadi karena Yohanes berada di padang gurun sejak ia masih sangat muda. Mengapa di padang gurun? Bagaimana seorang anak kecil bisa bertahan hidup di padang gurun? Sejumlah ahli berpendapat bahwa Yohanes, sejak kecil, masuk ke dalam salah satu komunitas Eseni. Eseni adalah kelompok keagamaan di dalam bangsa Yahudi yang berkembang pada zaman Yohanes, dan mereka terkenal karena ketaatan mereka yang ketat terhadap Hukum Musa. Mereka juga terkenal karena mereka hidup sebagai komunitas di padang gurun, memisahkan diri dari dunia.

Hal menarik lainnya adalah bahwa Yohanes mengatakan bahwa Yesus ‘sudah ada’ sebelum dia. Namun, kita tahu Yohanes lahir lebih awal daripada Yesus. Di sini, Yohanes tidak mengacu pada tanggal lahir kronologis dan usia biologis. Dengan ilham ilahi, Yohanes bersaksi bahwa Yesus telah ada bahkan sebelum dia, dan bahkan sebelum segala sesuatu yang lain ada. Hal ini sesuai dengan prolog Injil keempat (lihat Yoh 1:1-14). Bahkan sebelum Yesus dilahirkan ke dalam dunia dan mengambil kodrat manusia, Ia sudah ada bersama dengan Bapa dan Roh Kudus dalam kekekalan. Yohanes Pembaptis mengakui identitas keilahian Yesus.

Apa yang kita pelajari dari kesaksian Yohanes? Banyak di antara kita yang mungkin hanya tahu sedikit tentang Yesus. Kita mungkin merayakan hari ulang tahun-Nya setiap tahun dan mengenali wajah-Nya (karena kain kafan Turin), dan akrab dengan beberapa kisah dan ajaran-Nya, tetapi kita tidak tahu banyak tentang Dia. Bahkan bagi banyak ahli Kitab Suci dan teolog yang menghabiskan hampir seluruh hidupnya untuk mempelajari kehidupan Yesus, Yesus tetap menjadi misteri. Namun, kita tidak perlu khawatir: bahkan Yohanes, saudara Yesus, tidak tahu banyak tentang Yesus!

Memang benar bahwa Yohanes hanya tahu sedikit sekali tentang Yesus, tetapi apa yang ia kenali adalah hal yang paling penting, yaitu Yesus itu Allah. Tentu saja, saya tidak mengatakan bahwa kita harus berhenti mengenal Yesus, dan cukup percaya bahwa Dia ilahi. Sebaliknya, kita diundang untuk mengenal-Nya dengan lebih baik dan lebih dalam, dan pada saat yang sama, kita tidak boleh melupakan hal yang mendasar: identitas ilahi-Nya. Jika tidak, kita dapat dengan mudah jatuh ke dalam godaan bahwa Yesus adalah segala hal, kecuali ilahi. Dalam studi kita, kita dapat menemukan bahwa Yesus adalah seorang nabi yang hebat, penyembuh yang luar biasa, pengusir setan yang kuat, guru yang benar, tetapi jika kita gagal untuk mengakui keilahian-Nya, semuanya akan sia-sia. Jadikanlah Yohanes teladan kita.

Santo Yohanes Pembaptis, doakanlah kita.

Roma

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

Why John did not Know Jesus

Why John did not Know Jesus

2nd Sunday in Ordinary Time [A]

January 15, 2023

John 1:29-35

Reading through today’s Gospel, we may have some questions in our minds, “why did John call Jesus ‘the lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world?’ and ‘why did John say that he did not know Jesus and Jesus was before him?’ we know for sure that John was a relative of Jesus and, in fact, he was born six months ahead of Jesus. In this reflection, I will no longer write about the identity of Jesus as the Lamb of God because I have talked about it two years ago [kindly check my reflection dated January 17, 2021]. Thus, we try to answer the second question.

We know from the Gospel of Luke that Mary and Elizabeth, the mother of John, were close relatives, and Mary even spent around three months at the place of Elizabeth and Zachariah, her husband [Luk 1:39-56]. The birth of John and Jesus are even closely linked. Sometimes, I stumble upon a religious art depicting John and Jesus were playing together as little children. Surely, this is coming from the imagination and creativity of the Christian artists. Then, why did suddenly John say ‘he did not know Jesus’?

The answer may be discovered in the early life of John recorded in the Gospel of Luke. Luke writes that John grew strong in the Spirit, and he was in the wilderness until the day he appeared publicly to Israel (see Luk 1:80). Thus, John may hear about Jesus from his parents, but it is most likely that they were never personally met because John was in the wilderness since he was very young. Why wilderness? How could a young child survive in the wilderness? A number of scholars suggest that John, as young boy, entered one of the Essences communities. The Essences are the Jewish religious group that flourished in the time of John, and they were well-known for their strict adherence to the Law of Moses. They were also famous because they lived as communities in the wilderness.

Another interesting thing is that John said that Jesus was ‘before’ him. Yet, John was born earlier than Jesus. Here, John was not referring to the chronological date of birth and biological age. By divine inspiration, John testified that Jesus has existed even before him, and in fact before everything else. This is consistent with the prologue of the fourth Gospel (see John 1:1-14). Even before Jesus was born into the world, He was already with the Father and the Holy Spirit for all eternity. John the Baptist recognized the divinity identity of Jesus.

What do we learn from John’s testimony? Many of us may know little about Jesus. We may celebrate His birthday every year and recognize His face (because of the shroud of Turin), and be familiar with some His stories and teachings, but we do not know much about Him. Even for many biblical scholars and theologians who spend almost their lives to study Jesus’ life, Jesus remains a mystery. Here is the consolation: even John, Jesus’ relative, does not know much about Jesus!

It is true that John knew very little about Jesus, but what he recognized is the most fundamental, that is, Jesus was before him. In short, Jesus is divine. Surely, I am not saying that we must stop getting to know Jesus, and simply believe that He is divine. In the contrary, we are invited to know Him better and deeper, and at the same time, we must not lose sight of the fundamental: His divine identity. Otherwise, we can easily fall into a temptation that Jesus is anything, but divine. In our study, we can discover that Jesus is a great prophet, a wonderful healer, a powerful exorcist, a righteous teacher, but if we fail to acknowledge His divinity, everything will be in vain.

St. John the Baptist, pray for us.

Rome

Valentinus Bayuhadi Ruseno, OP

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